Synaptosomes: new vesicles for neuronal mitochondrial transplantation

Abstract Background Mitochondrial dysfunction is a critical factor in the onset and progression of neurodegenerative diseases. Recently, mitochondrial transplantation has been advised as an innovative attractive strategy to transfer replace damaged mitochondria. Here we propose, for first time, use rat brain extracted synaptosomes, subcellular fraction isolated synaptic terminal that contains mitochondria, delivery systems. Results Synaptosome preparation was validated by presence Synaptophysin PSD95. Synaptosomes were characterized terms dimension, zeta potential, polydispersity index number particles/ml. Nile Red or CTX-FITCH labeled synaptosomes internalized LAN5 recipient cells mechanism involving specific protein–protein interaction, demonstrated loss fusion ability after trypsin treatment using different cell lines. The loading release proved curcumin both into cells. vitality mitochondria transferred Opa1, Fis1 TOM40 proteins JC-1 measurements. Further, deliver vital cytoplasm neuronal microscopic images, increase TOM 40, cytochrome c, Hexokinase II proteins, DNA. Finally, vehicle, healthy restored function containing rotenone CCCp Conclusions Taken together these results suggest can be natural vehicle molecules organelles replacement affected with ones could potential therapy treating dysfunction-related